Estudo comparativo entre a aplicação de compressores de deslocamento variável com controle interno e compressores de deslocamento fixo em sistemas automotivos

Abstract

In recent years, with the advancement of automotive technology, vehicle air conditioning systems have become increasingly sophisticated and efficient. Drivers and passengers now have the ability to adjust the vehicle's temperature to their individual preferences, regardless of outside weather conditions. In the present work, we will approach vehicle air conditioning systems equipped with two types of compressors, the compressor with fixed displacement and the compressor with variable displacement with internal control, two options commonly found in the brazilian market. We will compare them in terms of performance, efficiency and benefits, highlighting their main operating characteristics, where it will be possible to correlate which type works in more stable conditions at the system level, which will consequently result in a better energy efficiency of the vehicle when both are working in severe external temperature conditions. Through tests in a climate chamber, it will be possible to visually identify which system that apply a variable compressor work with more stabilized way, allowing the system to adjust the performance demand through the information received by the suction line, unlike systems that apply a fixed compressor. ensuring that the component always works at maximum efficiency, requiring a control that protects it from the freezing point, which generates temperature peaks that generally affect the evaluation, illustrating that despite the compressor using its maximum capacity, the cabin is not refrigerated more efficiently and can generate complaints since from lack of performance of the refrigeration system until the perception of increased fuel consumption in situations where the system is most required.